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1.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 144(9): 1218-1221, set. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-830631

ABSTRACT

HIV infection has different clinical presentations. We report a 21-year-old male with longstanding isolated microscopic hematuria attributed to thin glomerular basement membrane disease, who after 15 years of follow-up presented with significant proteinuria. A kidney biopsy was performed, revealing the presence of tubulo-reticular inclusions in the glomerular endothelial cells. This finding led to suspect an HIV infection, which was verified. Antiretroviral therapy, angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin II receptor blockers were prescribed. At 6 years of diagnosis the patient is asymptomatic and has normal kidney function. Microscopic hematuria and low level proteinuria persists.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Young Adult , AIDS-Associated Nephropathy/diagnosis , Hematuria/diagnosis , Proteinuria/urine , Time Factors , Biopsy , AIDS-Associated Nephropathy/complications , Hematuria/complications , Kidney Tubules/ultrastructure
2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 143(4): 536-539, abr. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-747560

ABSTRACT

Illness presentation in the elderly may be entirely non-specific, with fatigue, loss of function or the presence of geriatric syndromes. We report a 90 years old male consulting in the emergency room for delirium that persisted throughout hospitalization without finding a cause. During the course of hospitalization mild fever appeared and a left knee swelling became apparent. A synovial fluid aspiration showed a leukocyte count of 360 per field with 60% polymorphonuclear cells. The culture was negative. With a presumptive diagnosis of pseudogout, cochicine and celecoxib were started with remission of the confusional state. The patient was discharged 13 days after admission in good conditions.


Subject(s)
Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Male , Chondrocalcinosis/complications , Delirium/etiology , Knee Injuries/complications , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Calcium Pyrophosphate , Fever/etiology
3.
Rev. chil. reumatol ; 31(4): 234-238, 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-790582

ABSTRACT

Chikungunya fever is an emerging infection in our country due to travelers to endemic areas. It presents acutely with high fever, fatigue, headache, myalgia, skin rash and arthritis, usually as a symmetric polyarthritis compromising the interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints, wrist, elbow, ankle and knee. While most of the symptoms last about a week, arthralgias may become chronic and generate significant functional impairment. Chikungunya has been postulated as a triggering factor for rheumatoid arthritis because of the presence of positive rheumatoid factor. We present the three confirmed cases in Almirante Nef Naval Hospital with the review of the published literature...


La fiebre de Chikungunya es una infección novedosa en nuestro país pues su contagio se produce por viajeros en zonas endémicas. Se presenta generalmente en forma aguda con fiebre alta, astenia, cefalea, mialgia, rash cutaneo y artritis, mayoritariamente como poliartritis simétrica comprometiendo las articulaciones interfalángicas, metacarpofalángicas, muñecas, codos, tobillo y rodillas. Si bien la mayoría de los síntomas duran aproximadamente una semana, las artralgias pueden hacerse crónicas y generar un importante deterioro funcional. Se ha postulado que podría ser un factor gatillante de artritis reumatoide ante la presencia de factor reumatoideo positivo. A continuación se presentan los tres casos confirmados del Hospital Naval Almirante Nef junto a la revisión de la literatura publicada hasta el momento...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Arthritis/virology , Chikungunya Fever/complications , Chikungunya Fever/epidemiology , Arthralgia/virology , Chile , Clinical Evolution , Diagnosis, Differential , Chikungunya Fever/therapy , Immunoglobulin G , Retrospective Studies
4.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 27(3): 219-227, jun. 2010. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-556592

ABSTRACT

Isosporosis is an infection caused by parasitic protozoa of the genus Isospora, coccidia affecting various different vertebrate species, including humans. It is an uncommon infection in our country and it is not a zoonosis. We present two cases oí Isospora belli infection in HIV positive patients from the Valparaiso region. We discuss the clinical events caused by this agent, its epidemiology, cases published in the local and foreign literature, as well as its treatment and prevention measures.


La isosporosis es una infección parasitaria provocada por protozoos del género Isospora, coccidio que afecta con diversas especies a diferentes vertebrados, entre los que se encuentra el ser humano. Es una infección poco frecuente en nuestro país y no constituye una zoonosis. Se presentan dos casos con infección por Isospora belli en pacientes infectados con el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana procedentes de la Región de Valparaíso. Se analizan las manifestaciones producidas por este agente, la epidemiología de la infección, los casos publicados en la literatura nacional e internacional, así como su tratamiento y las medidas de prevención.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/parasitology , Isospora/genetics , Isosporiasis/diagnosis , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy , Isospora/classification , Isospora/isolation & purification , Isosporiasis/drug therapy , Polymerase Chain Reaction
5.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 26(3): 265-269, jun. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-518465

ABSTRACT

Tungiasis is a cutaneous ectoparasitosis caused by the female sand flea Tunga penetrans whose higher prevalence occurs in Sub-Saharan África, South América and the Caribbean. We report a case of a 23 year old chilean male who presented dermal lesions suggestive of tungiasis on his return from Brazil. The diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy, identifying the arthropod and an egg from one of the lesions. The natural history, co-morbidities and treatment options were reviewed.


La tungiasis es una ectoparasitosis cutánea producida por la hembra de la pulga de arena Tunga penetrans, cuya mayor prevalencia ocurre en África Sub-sahariana, Sudamérica y el Caribe. Comunicamos el caso de un chileno de 23 años que viajó a Brasil y que a su regreso presentó lesiones dérmicas sugerentes de tungiasis. El diagnóstico fue confirmado por una biopsia identificando el artrópodo y un huevo en una de las lesiones. Se revisa la historia natural, las co-morbilidades asociadas y alternativas de tratamiento.


Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Humans , Male , Ectoparasitic Infestations/parasitology , Siphonaptera , Travel , Brazil , Chile , Ectoparasitic Infestations/diagnosis
6.
Bol. micol ; 20: 109-115, dic. 2005. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-476858

ABSTRACT

En los últimos 20 años la incidencia de aspergilosis invasiva ha aumentado entre 5 y 10 veces, presentando una mortalidad que varía desde un 60 a 98 por ciento dependiendo de su localización, enfermedad de base (inmunodepresión), diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz. A pesar que se ha logrado un importante avance en estos dos últimos decenios, aproximadamente un 50 por ciento de los casos se diagnostican post mortem. Se reportan dos casos de aspergilosis (probada y probable) en pacientes inmunodeprimidos de 21 y 44 años respectivamente. El primer caso corresponde a una infección rinosinusal en una paciente con leucemia linfoblástica, con un cuadro clínico caracterizado por aumento de volumen facial izquierdo, compromiso progresivo del estado general y equimosis en región periorbitaria. La endoscopia nasal detectó abundante secreción y tejido friable amarillento sugerente de infección micótica. Las muestras de tejidos enviadas al laboratorio para examen directo y cultivos arrojaron presencia de hifas en la mucosa y crecimiento abundante de Aspergillus flavus. Se inició terapia con itraconazol, cambiándose posteriormente a voriconazol, con respuesta favorable y disminución del dolor y volumen facial. Sin embargo, la paciente fallece al 10º día del ingreso debido a su mal estado general, avance de la falla medular y posterior insuficiencia respiratoria. El segundo caso corresponde a una probable infección pulmonar en una paciente con cáncer de mama en tratamiento quimioterápico. La paciente ingresó con el diagnóstico de neutropenia febril y probable neumonía de etiología bacteriana, fue tratada con antimicrobianos tanto en el hospital comunal como en el de base. Sin embargo, presentó una evolución tórpida, cursando posteriormente con hemoptisis, insuficiencia respiratoria y compromiso de conciencia. Se tomaron muestras de secreción endotraqueal las que fueron enviadas para estudio bacteriológico(TBC) y micológico, además de hemo y urocultivos. Los resultados de los...


In the lately twenty years the incidence of invasive spergillosis has increased five and ten times, causing a mortality rate ranging from 60 to 98 percent, depending on its location, nature of disease (immunodepression), diagnosis and forward treatment. In spite of the fact that there has been a significant progress in this lately period of twenty years, about 50 percent of cases were detected post mortem. Two cases of spergillosis (tested and probable) in 21 and 44 aged immunodepressed patients respectively are herein reported. The first case involves a rhinosinusal infection in a female patient diagnosed with lymphoblastic leukemia, whose clinical symptoms were an increase in the left volume of her face, a progressivecompromise in her overall state of health and ecchymosis in her periorbitary region. Nasal endoscopy revealed abundant secretion and yellowish friable tissues which suggested a mycotic infection. Samples of tissues sent to the lab for direct exam and cultures revealed the presenceof hypha in the mucus and an abundant growth of Aspergillus flavus. The first therapy was with itraconazol, changing later on to voriconazol what resulted in adecrease of pain and face volume. However, the patient dies on the tenth day of her ingress due to her bad state ofhealth, progress in glandular failure and ultimate respiratory insufficiency. The second case involves a probable pulmonary infection in a patient diagnosed with breast cancer and receiving chemotherapy treatment. She was ingressed with a febrile neutropenia and a probable bacterial etiology pneumonia and she was treated with antimicrobial medication both in the community hospital and in the base building. However, she showed a torpid evolution followed furthermore by hemoptisis, respiratory insufficiencyand consciousness compromise. Samples of endotraqueal secretion were taken in order to submit them to bacteriological and mycological (TBC) studies, together with hemo...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Antifungal Agents , Aspergillus flavus , Aspergillus flavus/pathogenicity , Aspergillosis/therapy , Emericella/isolation & purification , Emericella/pathogenicity , Immunocompromised Host , Chile
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